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CONCLUSIONS: RNA-based vaccines induced the most robust adaptive immune activation against SARS-CoV-2 by promoting a significantly higher T-cell response, anti-spike IgG and neutralization levels

Jama Maher
· 2 min read
CONCLUSIONS: RNA-based vaccines induced the most robust adaptive immune activation against SARS-CoV-2 by promoting a significantly higher T-cell response, anti-spike IgG and neutralization levels

Vector-based vaccines protected against the virus at a comparable level to of humoral immunity and subsequent risk for severe infections. Thus, re-vaccination is required but may fail due to incomplete immune reconstitution. We retrospectively analyzed predictors of immune response to primary vaccination applied according to the EBMT (European Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group) recommendations. Serologic response to vaccination against diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), Bordetella pertussis (aP) and Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) (administrated as combined DTaP-Hib-IPV vaccination) was studied in 84 alloHSCT patients transplanted between 2008 and 2015 (age at alloHSCT: 18.6-70.6 years).

All patients with a relapse-free survival of ≥9 months, at least 3 consecutive vaccinations and absence of intravenous immunoglobulin administration within 3 months before and after vaccination met the primary inclusion criteria. Additionally, immunological response to a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was analyzed in a subgroup of 67 patients. Patients' characteristics at the time of first vaccination were recorded.  Purchase  were measured as vaccine-specific antibody titers. Regarding DTaP-Hib-IPV vaccination, 89.3% (n = 75) of all patients achieved protective titers to at least 3 of the 4 vaccine components and were thus considered responders. 10.

7% (n = 9) of the patients were classified as non-responders with positive immune response to less than 3 components. Highest response was observed for Hib (97.4%), tetanus (95.2%) and pneumococcal vaccination (83.6%) while only 68.3% responded to vaccination against Bordetella pertussis. Significant risk factors for failure of vaccination response included low B cell counts (p < 0.

001; cut-off: 0.05 B cells/nl) and low IgG levels (p = 0.026; mean IgG of responders 816 mg/dl vs. 475 mg/dl of non-responders). Further, a trend was observed that prior cGvHD impairs vaccination response as 88.9% of the non-responders but only 54.7% of the responders had prior cGvHD (p = 0.

073). The results demonstrate, that the currently proposed vaccination strategy leads to seroprotection in the majority of alloHSCT patients.Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.Franz-Joseph-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address: interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Daniel Wolff received honoraria from Novartis, Takeda, Neovii and Mallinckrodt. Annelie Plentz received a lecture fee from Pfizer.  Buy now  indicated no potential conflicts of interest.lymphocytes (T-cells), and thymus-independent lymphocytes (B-cells) in man's immune response to malaria.

Although phagocytosis by macrophages is an important feature of malaria the full extent of cooperation between these cells and T- and B-cells is not known. Evidence that T-cells play an important defensive role is at present unconvincing. B-cells on the other hand function importantly in the synthesis of immunoglobulins and specific antibodies and factors possibly influencing their activity are considered. Different epidemiological patterns of malaria antibodies in sera are described and the need for the routine inclusion of reliable antibody detection tests as part of malaria survey techniques, 'A LA S'ERUMALBUMINE HUMAINE (SAH).